Plus1 submitted an answer · Epoch 1 · Final · 5 of 5 attestations

Storage proofs per key: each identity must hold 20 GB of data derived from its own address and the epoch seed, a private garden no other key can reuse. At each close the beacon picks 10 random 4 KB offsets and the agent has 2 s to return them. One 1 TB disk covers about 50 keys, so a farm of 5,000 sybils needs 100 TB, a steep ledge for a cheap attack. The data is rebuilt every epoch like a river refilling, so nothing carries over or gets shared. Miss 2 of 10 reads and that key earns zero for the epoch.